Scheme is a systematic plan of future action designed and implemented by the Government of India to address the social and economic welfare of its citizen. These schemes play a crucial role in solving many socio economic problems to better Indian society and thus their awareness is a must for any concerned citizen.

The Government provides schemes in rural areas including social security measures, such as pensions, insurance, maternity benefits, housing etc. Of the schemes he has provided, I have discussed 6 schemes those were the schemes.

1. Digital India
2. Janani Surakha Yojana
3. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana
4. Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
5. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grammen Kaushalya Yojana
6. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act

1. DIGITAL INDIA:

Digital India is a flagship program of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. Digital India was launched by the prime minister of India on 1 July 2015, with an objective of connecting rural areas with high speed internet networks and improving digital literacy.

VISION AREAS:

The vision is centered on three key areas

1. Digital infrastructure as Utility to Every Citizen
2. Governance and services on demand
3. Digital empowerment of citizens

Digital Infrastructure as Utility to Every Citizen

• Availability of high speed internet as a core utility for delivery of services to citizens.
• Cradle to grave digital identity that is unique, lifelong, online and authenticable to every citizen.
• Mobile phone and Bank account enabling citizen participation in digital and financial space.
• Easy access to a Common Service Centre.
• Shareable private space on a public Cloud.
• Safe and secure Cyber-space.

Governance and Services on Demand

• Seamlessly integrated across departments or jurisdictions.
• Services availability in real time from online and mobile platforms.
• All citizen entitlements to be available on the Cloud to ensure easy access.
• Government services digitally transformed for improving Ease of Doing Business.
• Making financial transactions above a threshold, electronic and cashless.
• Leveraging GIS (Geographic information system) for decision support systems and development.

Digital Empowerment of Citizens:

• Universal digital literacy.
• All digital resources universally accessible.
• All Government documents/ certificates to be available on the Cloud.
• Availability of digital resources / services in Indian languages.
• Collaborative digital platforms for participative governance.
• Portability of all entitlements for individuals through the Cloud.

Digital India Impact:-

Digital India is an initiative by Government of India to help the country adopt digital initiatives. The impact of Digital India on India’s economic growth is supposed to be long-lasting. As the initiatives in the Digital India Scheme are all driven by technology.

PROBLEM AND CHALLENGES:-

There are many roadblocks in the way of its successful implementation like digital illiteracy ,poor infrastructure ,low internet speed, lack of coordination among various departments, issue pertaining to taxation etc. These challenges need to be addressed in order to realize the full potential of this program.

Corruption of Digital India:-

“Digital India has connected the ordinary citizen to the government,†he said. “We have also democratized data. Online delivery of services has helped the lower and middle classes find relief from corruption.â€

He added that India has moved from being a heavily cash dependent economy to one that uses digital transactions. “The more digital transactions happen, the more we reduce the prevalence of black money.â€

Digital India Program successful Implementation:-

We know everything is very easily access by digitally way and so government take initiative for digital program and there implementation. It has emerged as the second-fastest digital adopter among seventeen major digital economies. This rapid growth helps propel India to the forefront of digital and technological innovation, particularly leveraging the energies of the country’s young population. Now Digital India is helping people through the Aarogya Setu app during COVID-19 to warn people and help them get vaccinated.

Janani Suraksha Yojana:-

Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a safe motherhood intervention under the National Rural Health Mission (NHM). It is being implemented with the objective of reducing maternal and infant mortality by promoting institutional delivery among pregnant women. The scheme is under implementation in all states and Union Territories (UTs), with a special focus on Low Performing States (LPS).

Janani Surakhsha Yojana Benefit :-

Janani Suraksha Yojana was launched in April 2005 by modifying the National Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS). The NMBS came into effect in August 1995 as one of the components of the National Social Assistance Program (NSAP). The scheme was transferred from the Ministry of Rural Development to the Department of Health & Family Welfare during the year 2001-02. The NMBS provides for financial assistance of Rs. 500/- per birth up to two live births to the pregnant women who have attained 19 years of age and belong to the below poverty line (BPL) households.

Cash Assistance for Institutional Delivery (in Rs.)

Assistance to the lower classes of pregnant women from the Janani Suraksha Yojana.

In both LPS & HPS, BPL/SC/ST women are entitled for cash assistance in accredited private institutions.

• ASHA package of Rs. 600 in rural areas include Rs. 300 for ANC component and Rs. 300 for facilitating institutional delivery
• ASHA package of Rs. 400 in urban areas include Rs. 200 for ANC component and Rs. 200 for facilitating institutional delivery

Cash assistance for home delivery

BPL pregnant women, who prefer to deliver at home, are entitled to a cash assistance of Rs. 500 per delivery regardless of the age of pregnant women and number of children.

The cash entitlement for different categories of mothers is as follows:

• ASHA package of Rs. 600 in rural areas include Rs. 300 for ANC component and Rs. 300 for facilitating institutional delivery.
• ASHA package of Rs. 400 in urban areas include Rs. 200 for ANC component and Rs. 200 for facilitating institutional delivery.

Role of ASHA

ASHA has been one of the key components at the community level to mobilize women for promoting institutional deliveries. In each state, the study contacted around 50 ASHAs in the selected villages and administered a questionnaire to elicit their role and level of performance.

PROBLEM AND CHALLENGES:

The Janani Suraksha yojana scheme has been hampered in some places lack of awareness, 30e33 inaddition to other reasons such as corruption 30, 31 and exploitation of beneficiaries.31, 32 previous studies have also shown that ASHA workers and the JSY scheme succeededin increasing the utilization of antenatal services but were not instrumental in promotinginstitutional deliveries. 34e36 the present study demonstrated the unsatisfactory state of thehealthcare system in villages.

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana is a scheme of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas for providing LPG connections to women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households.

The scheme was launched on 1st May 2016 in Ballia, Uttar Pradesh.

The target under the scheme was to release 8 Crore LPG Connections to the deprived households by March 2020.

Under the Union Budget for FY 21-22, provision for release of additional 1 Crore LPG connections under the PMUY scheme has been made. In this phase, special facility has been given to migrant families.

Objective of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana:-

The main objective of this scheme is to provide LPG connection to the poor women so that women empowerment is promoted and their health can also be protected. Preventing selling of trees taking care of women’s health, promoting women empowerment and keeping the environment sale are also the main objective of this scheme.

Features of Scheme:-

• Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala scheme will provide 5 crore gas connection for BPL families with financial assistance of Rs. 1600.
• EMI facility will also be provided at the cost of gas and refill. This will be interest free loan.
• Connections will be issued in the name so women only.

Impact of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana:-

The Ujjwala Yojana was started by the government with the aim of providing gas cylinders to the economically weaker women so for about 8.3 crore poor families have been benefited under this scheme. It also said that free gas cylinders will be given to the beneficiaries of the scheme for three months due to the corona pandemic. The benefit of this scheme is being given to those families whose name is in the BPL card. Ujjwala Yojana – to make the LPG cylinders available in all households – as a complete solution to indoor air pollution. The main aim of this scheme is to improve the health conditions of women and children so, basically this scheme works to increase the standard of living and health conditions of the citizen of India which in turn increases the efficiency of people to work leading to increased productivity.

Successful Of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana:-

This target was achieved in August 2019, seven months ahead of the target date. The target of the scheme has already been achieved in September 2019. The implementation of PMUY has resulted in an increase in national LPG coverage from 61.9 percent as of 1 April, 2016 to 99.5 percent as of 1 January, 2021.
Whom to contact

For more information, contact

• 1906 (LPG Emergency Helpline)
• 1800-2333-5555 (Toll Free Helpline)
• 1800-266-6696 (Ujjwala Helpline)
• MoPNG e-Seva – the official social media based grievance redressed platform for Oil & Gas Sector.

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojna

• ‘Sukanya Samriddhi Yojna’ is a small deposit scheme for girl child, launched as a part of the ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ campaign, which would fetch an attractive interest rate and provide income tax rebate.
• ‘Sukanya Samriddhi Account’ can be opened at any time from the birth of a girl child till she attains the age of 10 years, with a minimum deposit of Rs 250. A maximum of Rs 1.5 lakh can be deposited during a financial year.
• The account can be opened in any post office or authorized branches of commercial banks.
• The scheme primarily ensures equitable share to a girl child in resources and savings of a family in which she is generally discriminated as against a male child.
• In an effort to motivate parents to open an account in the name of a girl child and for her welfare to deposit maximum of their savings up to the prescribed limits, higher rates of interest is given on the deposits on annually compounded basis with income tax concession.
• The account will remain operative for 21 years from the date of opening of the account or marriage of the girl child after attaining 18 years of age.
• To meet the requirement of higher education expenses, partial withdrawal of 50 per cent of the balance would be allowed after the girl child has attended 18 years of age.
• The provision of not allowing withdrawal from the account till the age of 18 has been kept to prevent early marriage of girls.

OPENING OF ACCOUNT:-

• The account may be opened by the natural or legal guardian in the name of a girl child from the birth of the girl child till she attains the age of ten years and any girl child, who had attained the age of ten years, one year prior to the commencement of these rules, shall also be eligible for opening of the account under these rules.
• A depositor may open and operate only one account in the name of a girl child under these rules.
• Birth certificate of a girl child in whose name the account is opened shall be submitted by the guardian at the time of opening of the account in post office or bank along with other documents relating to identity and residence proof of the depositor.

• Natural or legal guardian of a girl child shall be allowed to open the account for two girl children only:
• Provided that the natural or legal guardian of the girl child shall be allowed to open third account in the event of birth of twin girls as second birth or if the first birth itself results into three girl children, on production of a certificate to this effect from the competent medic al authorities where the birth of such twin or triple girl children takes place.

Deposits:-

• The account may be opened with an initial deposit of Rs 250 and thereafter any amount in multiple of one hundred rupees may be deposited subject to the condition that a minimum of Rs 250 shall be deposited in a financial year but the total money deposited in an account on a single occasion or on multiple occasions shall not exceed one lakh fifty thousand rupees in a financial year.
• Deposits in an account may be made till completion of fourteen years, from the date of opening of the account.
• An irregular account where minimum amount as specified in sub-rule (1) has not been deposited may be regularized on payment of a penalty of fifty rupees per year along with the said minimum specified subscription for the year (s) of default any time till the account completes fourteen years.

Deen Dayal Upadhyay Grameen Kaushalya Yojana:-

The Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) aims to train underprivileged rural youth and provide them with jobs that pay at least the minimum wage. It is one of a number of projects spearheaded by India’s Ministry of Rural Development to improve rural livelihoods. It is a part of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM), often known as Aajeevika, a poverty-reduction mission. More than 55 million underprivileged rural youth will benefit from the program, which will provide them with long-term work.

This program is significant because of its ability to alleviate poverty. It is also intended to play a significant role in the Prime Minister’s “Make in India” initiative. Reduce poverty by enabling low-income households to obtain gainful and long-term employment through jobs that pay on a regular basis.

Principles to Follow

The impoverished have a great need for economic chances as well as vast options to improve their employment skills. In order to turn India’s demographic surplus into a dividend, it will require social mobilization as well as a strong institutional network. In order to make the rural poor acceptable to both Indian and global employers, quality and standards are essential in the implementation of skilling.

UNDER DDU-GKY SKILLING AND PLACEMENT

• Raising awareness of the opportunities within the community.
• Recognizing impoverished rural youth.
• Activating interested rural youngsters
• Parental and adolescent counseling
• Aptitude is a factor in hiring.
• Increasing employability through imparting information, industry-related skills, and an attitude.
• Providing jobs that can be independently verified and pay more than the minimum wage.
• Supporting the person so employed for sustainability after placement.

DDU-GKY provides funding support for placement linked skilling projects that address the market demand with funding support ranging from Rs. 25,696 to over Rs. 1 lakh per person, depending on the duration of the project and whether the project is residential or non-residential. DDU-GKY funds projects with training duration from 576 hours (3 months) to 2304 hours (12 months).

Funding components under DDU-GKY funds a variety of skill training programs covering over 250 trades sectors such as Retail, Hospitality, Health, Construction, Automotive, Leather, Electrical, Plumbing, Gems and Jewelry, etc. The only mandate is that skill training should be demand based and lead to placement of at least 75% of the trainees.

In funding projects, priority is given to PIAs offering:-

Captive Employment: Those PIAs or organizations that take up skill training to meet internal ongoing Human Resource needs.

Industry Internships: Support for internships with co-funding from industry.

Champion Employers: PIAs who can assure skill training and placement for a minimum of 10,000 DDU-GKY trainees in a span of 2 years.

Educational Institution of High Repute: Institutes with a minimum National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) grading of 3.5 or Community Colleges with University Grants Commission (UGC), All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) funding willing to take up DDU-GKY projects

Impact of DDU-GKY

Out of the 1800 individuals identified between April 2016 and December 2017, so far 665 students have been trained from the district target. Out of these, about 572 students were provided with employment opportunities. Out of these 572, about 400 students have accepted the jobs, of which about 225 students have already completed their job tenure for more than three months. In this way, this initiative has mobilized and encouraged the youth to participate in training and eventually be placed. This program has helped in reducing youth unemployment and engaging them productively.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act:-

On September 7,2005,the National Rural Employment Guarentee Act(NREGA) was notified.

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was enacted on August 25, 2005, and is also known as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS). Adult members of every rural family willing to conduct public work-related unskilled manual work at the statutory minimum pay are legally guaranteed one hundred days of employment every financial year under the MGNREGA. In collaboration with state governments, the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) of the Government of India is overseeing the full execution of this scheme.

Objective of the Act:-

1. To study how MGNREGS has ensured gain full employment in rural area
   1. To study how the families covered under MGNREGS during Covid-19 have enhanced their income throw MGNREGS.
   2. To analyze the level of awareness about the key provisions and procedures of wage payment under MGNREGS.
   3. To examine the effectiveness of MGNREGS in employment generation and community asset creation.
   4. Based on the study’s major findings, for better implementation of the program during pandemic situation to extend some policy suggestions.

MGNREGA Goals:-

• Enhancement of livelihood security in rural areas by guaranteeing 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every registered household.
• Creating productive assets.
• Protecting the environment.
• Reducing migration.
• Empowering rural women and the poor through the provision of a right-based law.
• Fostering social equity.
• To create strong social safety net for the vulnerable groups by providing employment

Source, when other alternative is inadequate.

Impact of Covid 19 on MGNREGS:-

MGNREGS can play an important role in integration of migrant labour in the village and rural economy. MGNREGS, the single largest government sponsored scheme aimed at providing employment and reducing migration, if properly leveraged can provide some support to the labors who have returned to villages. This is possible only when communities and field staff have capacities to plan for their villages and are aware of the provisions made under the act for the most vulnerable sections of the society. If MGNREGS is used to enhance the by small irrigation facilities existing in the villages, it can change enhance the income of many farmers in the long run. It will also provide immediate employment and give them an opportunity to work within the village.

With the sudden return of the migrants, it became difficult to prepare yourself the rural economy to gainfully employ them. At present such possibilities exist only in the agriculture sector and MGNREGS, which engage large number of workers every year.

• Increasing the limit for person days from 150 days to 200 days to ensure that each household has an opportunity to earn substantial amount in Covid time.
• Making work available at hamlet level and simplifying demand generation process so that more and more people engage on a regular basis.
• Increasing budget allocations where high level of migration is expected to accommodate all the labours.

Corruption:-

The present study was probably draw the conclusion which may examined that there are happening corruption in the GPs by various levels of political leaders due to lack of literacy among the whole respondent/job card holders. Also there may be found that the job card holders are not aware of the scheme, due to unwillingness of the Sarpanch, Gram Rozagar Sewak(GRS). Another important factor may be found that impact on community asset creation in the locality. In this GP majority of community assets issued but they are few completed by this scheme.

Name – Anupama sahoo